FROM: U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY
Vehicle And Engine Importers To Pay Civil Penalty To Resolve Clean Air Act Violations
Senior company executives jointly liable for consent decree obligations
WASHINGTON – The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the Department of Justice announced a settlement with two former importers of highway motorcycles, recreational vehicles, and small spark ignition engines. The defendants, Yuan Cheng International Group, Inc. (YCIG) and NST, Inc. (NST), located in Montclair, Calif., allegedly imported and sold vehicles and engines from China in violation of Clean Air Act requirements.
The settlement resolves allegations that, between 2006 and 2011, the companies imported and introduced into commerce 17,521 recreational vehicles, highway motorcycles, and nonroad spark ignition engines without proper EPA certifications required under the Clean Air Act to prevent excess emissions of pollutants. Vehicles and engines that are not certified may be operating without proper emissions controls and can emit excess carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides and cause respiratory illnesses, aggravate asthma and contribute to the formation of ground level ozone, or smog. The settlement also resolves claims for failure to adequately respond to EPA’s requests for information and labeling violations under the Clean Air Act.
The settlement requires the companies and Mr. John Cheng and Ms. Jenny Yu, senior company executives, to pay a combined civil penalty of $50,000. This amount is based on the United States’ determination that the parties have a limited ability to pay a civil penalty in this matter. Both companies have ceased importing vehicles and engines and are now dissolved. In the fall of 2010, NST agreed to pay $250,000 to the State of California to resolve similar violations concerning the illegal sale of uncertified vehicles.
"When companies or their executives fail to comply with U.S. standards when importing vehicles and engines into the United States, it affects the nation’s air quality, impacts consumers and puts businesses that play by the rules at a disadvantage," said Cynthia Giles, assistant administrator for EPA’s Office of Enforcement and Compliance Assurance. "Today’s settlement demonstrates EPA’s commitment to ensuring that imports comply with requirements that protect our nation’s air quality, while leveling the playing field for businesses that comply with the law."
"We will continue to vigorously enforce the law to ensure that imported vehicles and engines comply with U.S. laws so that American consumers get environmentally sound products and violators do not gain an unfair economic advantage," said Ignacia S. Moreno, assistant attorney general for the Environment and Natural Resources Division of the Department of Justice. "By holding individuals personally accountable under the consent decree, this settlement shows not only that we will pursue companies who violate the law, but where appropriate, will take additional measures to ensure that individual executives who act on behalf of companies cannot repeat the same conduct under a new corporate identity."
In addition, Mr. Cheng and Ms. Yu must enter into a compliance plan with EPA prior to any future importation, distribution, selling, or offering for sale of any products covered by the Clean Air Act. They must also provide EPA with notice prior to forming any U.S. business entity that engages in the importation, distribution, selling or offering for sale of any products covered by the Clean Air Act, or before individually engaging in such activities. Mr. Cheng and Ms. Yu may be liable for any additional penalties for any violations of the settlement agreement, including $25,000 per vehicle or engine imported, sold or distributed that is not in accordance with an EPA-approved compliance plan, and up to $5,000 per day for each failure to provide notice to EPA as mentioned above.
John Cheng (also known as Yuan Cheng) was the sole shareholder, director, president, secretary, chief financial officer, and treasurer of the YCIG. NST was the corporate successor to YCIG after YCIG dissolved. Mr. Cheng’s wife, Ms. Jenny Yu, was the president, secretary, chief financial officer, one of two directors, and a 50 percent shareholder of NST. Mr. Cheng was the other 50 percent shareholder of NST. Both Mr. Cheng and Ms. Yu are individually bound by the terms of the settlement and are personally jointly and severally liable for the liabilities and obligations arising from the consent decree.
The Clean Air Act prohibits any vehicle or engine from being imported and sold in the United States unless it is covered by a valid, EPA-issued certificate of conformity indicating that the vehicle or engine meets applicable federal emission standards. The certificate of conformity is the primary way EPA ensures that imported vehicles and engines meet emission standards. This settlement is part of an ongoing effort by EPA to ensure that all imported vehicles and engines comply with the Clean Air Act’s requirements.
Friday, November 16, 2012
Thursday, November 15, 2012
ROQUETTE AMERICA INC., WILL PAY $4.1 MILLION PENALTY TO SETTLE CLEAN WATER ACT VIOLATIONS
FROM: U.S. DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE
Tuesday, November 13, 2012
Roquette America Inc., to Pay $4.1 Million Penalty to Settle Violations of Clean Water Act at Its Keokuk, Iowa, Facility
Roquette America, Inc., has agreed to pay a $4.1 million civil penalty to settle alleged violations of the Clean Water Act and its National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit at its grain processing facility in Keokuk, Iowa, the Department of Justice and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) announced today.
As early as 2008, Roquette was aware that its waste water treatment plant was marginally adequate and that it could not handle spills or surges in loading. Instead of constructing additional containment structures for waste water surges, or routing spills to the waste water treatment plant, Roquette allowed the industrial waste to be discharged directly into the Mississippi River and Soap Creek.
"Roquette’s actions resulted in over a thousand permit violations and allowed the discharge of untreated industrial waste into the Mississippi River and another Iowa waterway even after it was informed on numerous occasions it was violating its state permit and federal law," said Ignacia S. Moreno, Assistant Attorney General of the Justice Department’s Environment and Natural Resources Division. "This settlement holds Roquette accountable for its multiple violations of the nation’s Clean Water Act and requires sewer improvements, wastewater treatment upgrades, enhanced monitoring and independent compliance audits that will benefit public health and the environment for the people of Iowa for years to come."
"The magnitude of these violations warrants the magnitude of the penalty," said EPA Region 7 Administrator Karl Brooks. "The Mississippi River is a vital waterway, used by millions of Americans for commerce, recreation and drinking water. It is imperative that industrial facilities abide by their discharge permits to protect our valuable water resources."
The Iowa Department of Natural Resources has issued three administrative orders and eight notices of violation to Roquette since 2000. Despite these orders and notices, Roquette continued to overload its waste water treatment plant and failed to address the deficiencies at other portions of its facility, resulting in permit violations and illegal discharges of untreated industrial waste.
The Keokuk facility violated its NPDES permit at least 1,174 times, and on at least 30 occasions illegally discharged via storm drains resulting in at least 250,000 gallons of industrial waste being released into the Mississippi River and Soap Creek. In addition to these permit violations and illegal discharges, Roquette discharged partially treated industrial waste from its waste water treatment plant, and discharged steam condensate into Soap Creek through an unpermitted outfall.
In addition to paying the penalty, Roquette will complete other requirements valued at more than $17 million to further protect the Mississippi River and Soap Creek. Among these requirements are the completion of a sewer survey to identify possible discharge locations, the implementation of sewer modifications, the construction of upgrades to the wastewater treatment plant, and the performance of enhanced effluent monitoring. In addition, Roquette will obtain annual third party audits of its compliance with the operations and maintenance program, the Storm Water Pollution Prevention Program, the company’s NPDES permits, and the compliance requirements set out in the consent decree.
The consent decree is subject to a 30-day public comment period and approval by the federal court
Tuesday, November 13, 2012
Roquette America Inc., to Pay $4.1 Million Penalty to Settle Violations of Clean Water Act at Its Keokuk, Iowa, Facility
Roquette America, Inc., has agreed to pay a $4.1 million civil penalty to settle alleged violations of the Clean Water Act and its National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit at its grain processing facility in Keokuk, Iowa, the Department of Justice and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) announced today.
As early as 2008, Roquette was aware that its waste water treatment plant was marginally adequate and that it could not handle spills or surges in loading. Instead of constructing additional containment structures for waste water surges, or routing spills to the waste water treatment plant, Roquette allowed the industrial waste to be discharged directly into the Mississippi River and Soap Creek.
"Roquette’s actions resulted in over a thousand permit violations and allowed the discharge of untreated industrial waste into the Mississippi River and another Iowa waterway even after it was informed on numerous occasions it was violating its state permit and federal law," said Ignacia S. Moreno, Assistant Attorney General of the Justice Department’s Environment and Natural Resources Division. "This settlement holds Roquette accountable for its multiple violations of the nation’s Clean Water Act and requires sewer improvements, wastewater treatment upgrades, enhanced monitoring and independent compliance audits that will benefit public health and the environment for the people of Iowa for years to come."
"The magnitude of these violations warrants the magnitude of the penalty," said EPA Region 7 Administrator Karl Brooks. "The Mississippi River is a vital waterway, used by millions of Americans for commerce, recreation and drinking water. It is imperative that industrial facilities abide by their discharge permits to protect our valuable water resources."
The Iowa Department of Natural Resources has issued three administrative orders and eight notices of violation to Roquette since 2000. Despite these orders and notices, Roquette continued to overload its waste water treatment plant and failed to address the deficiencies at other portions of its facility, resulting in permit violations and illegal discharges of untreated industrial waste.
The Keokuk facility violated its NPDES permit at least 1,174 times, and on at least 30 occasions illegally discharged via storm drains resulting in at least 250,000 gallons of industrial waste being released into the Mississippi River and Soap Creek. In addition to these permit violations and illegal discharges, Roquette discharged partially treated industrial waste from its waste water treatment plant, and discharged steam condensate into Soap Creek through an unpermitted outfall.
In addition to paying the penalty, Roquette will complete other requirements valued at more than $17 million to further protect the Mississippi River and Soap Creek. Among these requirements are the completion of a sewer survey to identify possible discharge locations, the implementation of sewer modifications, the construction of upgrades to the wastewater treatment plant, and the performance of enhanced effluent monitoring. In addition, Roquette will obtain annual third party audits of its compliance with the operations and maintenance program, the Storm Water Pollution Prevention Program, the company’s NPDES permits, and the compliance requirements set out in the consent decree.
The consent decree is subject to a 30-day public comment period and approval by the federal court
Wednesday, November 14, 2012
NLRB JUDGE RULES COMPANY MAINTAINED UNLAWFUL ARBITRATION POLICY
FROM: NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS BOARD
An NLRB Administrative Law Judge has issued a decision finding that 24 Hour Fitness USA, Inc. maintained and enforced an unlawful arbitration policy that required employees to give up their federally protected rights to take concerted action.
The California-based corporation, which operates fitness centers across the country, required new employees to agree in writing to submit all employment-related claims to individual arbitration. Employees were also prohibited from discussing such claims with their co-workers.
The employee handbook advised employees they could opt out of the policy by taking a series of steps. However, Judge William L. Schmidt found that the provision was "an illusion" because the process was "convoluted" and because employees would be unable to identify others who had also opted out with whom they could discuss their case.
Judge Schmidt relied on the Board’s recent decision in DR Horton, which detailed Appellate and Supreme Court decisions dating back to the 1940s reaffirming the principle that "employers cannot enter into individual agreements with employees in which the employees cede their statutory rights to act collectively."
He rejected the arguments of 24 Hour Fitness and the Chamber of Commerce, which filed an amicus brief in the case, saying they wished "to establish an employer’s right to restrict employees, in order to hold a job, from exercising their statutory right to use the full-range of legal remedies generally available to all citizens."
The fitness center operator successfully pursued enforcement of the individual arbitration clause in at least eight lawsuits filed by employees at several California facilities alleging discrimination and wage and hour violations.
In his decision, Judge Schmidt ordered the company to remove the prohibition against class or collective actions from the employee handbook, and to notify all employees of the change. He also ordered 24 Hour Fitness to notify all arbitral or judicial tribunals where it has pursued enforcement of the clause that it desires to withdraw the request.
An NLRB Administrative Law Judge has issued a decision finding that 24 Hour Fitness USA, Inc. maintained and enforced an unlawful arbitration policy that required employees to give up their federally protected rights to take concerted action.
The California-based corporation, which operates fitness centers across the country, required new employees to agree in writing to submit all employment-related claims to individual arbitration. Employees were also prohibited from discussing such claims with their co-workers.
The employee handbook advised employees they could opt out of the policy by taking a series of steps. However, Judge William L. Schmidt found that the provision was "an illusion" because the process was "convoluted" and because employees would be unable to identify others who had also opted out with whom they could discuss their case.
Judge Schmidt relied on the Board’s recent decision in DR Horton, which detailed Appellate and Supreme Court decisions dating back to the 1940s reaffirming the principle that "employers cannot enter into individual agreements with employees in which the employees cede their statutory rights to act collectively."
He rejected the arguments of 24 Hour Fitness and the Chamber of Commerce, which filed an amicus brief in the case, saying they wished "to establish an employer’s right to restrict employees, in order to hold a job, from exercising their statutory right to use the full-range of legal remedies generally available to all citizens."
The fitness center operator successfully pursued enforcement of the individual arbitration clause in at least eight lawsuits filed by employees at several California facilities alleging discrimination and wage and hour violations.
In his decision, Judge Schmidt ordered the company to remove the prohibition against class or collective actions from the employee handbook, and to notify all employees of the change. He also ordered 24 Hour Fitness to notify all arbitral or judicial tribunals where it has pursued enforcement of the clause that it desires to withdraw the request.
Monday, November 12, 2012
COURT ENFORCES NLRB ORDERS TO REINSTATE FORMER STRIKERS AT DAYCON PRODUCTS COMPANY, INC.
FROM: U.S. NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS BOARD
DC Circuit enforces Board orders Daycon Products must reinstate former strikers
The United States Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit on Tuesday enforced the National Labor Relations Board’s order finding that a Maryland janitorial supply company prematurely declared impasse in negotiations with its employees’ union and unlawfully failed to reinstate workers after they went on strike to protest that declaration.
In its unpublished opinion, the Court summarily enforced the Board’s September 2011 order requiring Daycon Products Company, Inc., to reinstate all striking employees and make them whole for any losses incurred because of the refusal to reinstate them earlier. The Court also affirmed that the company illegally subcontracted out work without negotiating with the union, and ordered Daycon to rescind any unilateral changes and resume bargaining.
Daycon employees have been represented by the Drivers, Chauffeurs and Helpers Local Union 639, affiliated with the International Brotherhood of Teamsters, since 1973. In April 2010, after about 10 negotiating sessions for a new contract, the company declared it had reached impasse and implemented its last bargaining order. Days later, union employees walked out on strike because of the unfair labor practice. They offered to return unconditionally in early July of that year.
If a strike is called in response to an employer’s unfair labor practices, the employer must reinstate striking workers when they offer unconditionally to return to work, even if it means displacing workers who were hired in the meantime. However, Daycon refused.
In enforcing the Board’s order, the Court agreed that "the Board’s findings are supported by substantial evidence in the record." It also rejected Daycon’s procedural challenges, including a claim that the Board denied it a fair hearing by issuing a press release summarizing the case following a decision by an administrative law judge.
DC Circuit enforces Board orders Daycon Products must reinstate former strikers
The United States Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit on Tuesday enforced the National Labor Relations Board’s order finding that a Maryland janitorial supply company prematurely declared impasse in negotiations with its employees’ union and unlawfully failed to reinstate workers after they went on strike to protest that declaration.
In its unpublished opinion, the Court summarily enforced the Board’s September 2011 order requiring Daycon Products Company, Inc., to reinstate all striking employees and make them whole for any losses incurred because of the refusal to reinstate them earlier. The Court also affirmed that the company illegally subcontracted out work without negotiating with the union, and ordered Daycon to rescind any unilateral changes and resume bargaining.
Daycon employees have been represented by the Drivers, Chauffeurs and Helpers Local Union 639, affiliated with the International Brotherhood of Teamsters, since 1973. In April 2010, after about 10 negotiating sessions for a new contract, the company declared it had reached impasse and implemented its last bargaining order. Days later, union employees walked out on strike because of the unfair labor practice. They offered to return unconditionally in early July of that year.
If a strike is called in response to an employer’s unfair labor practices, the employer must reinstate striking workers when they offer unconditionally to return to work, even if it means displacing workers who were hired in the meantime. However, Daycon refused.
In enforcing the Board’s order, the Court agreed that "the Board’s findings are supported by substantial evidence in the record." It also rejected Daycon’s procedural challenges, including a claim that the Board denied it a fair hearing by issuing a press release summarizing the case following a decision by an administrative law judge.
Sunday, November 11, 2012
MONEYGRAM INTERNATIONAL INC., FORFEITS $100 MILLION IN DEFERRED PROSECUTION FOR ANTI-MONEY LAUNDERING AND WIRE FRAUD
FROM: U.S. DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE
Friday, November 9, 2012
Moneygram International Inc. Admits Anti-Money Laundering and Wire Fraud Violations, Forfeits $100 Million in Deferred Prosecution
Also Agrees to Enhanced Compliance Obligations and Structural Changes in Connection with Five-Year Agreement
WASHINGTON – MoneyGram International Inc. – a global money services business headquartered in Dallas – has agreed to forfeit $100 million and enter into a deferred prosecution agreement (DPA) with the Justice Department in which it admits to criminally aiding and abetting wire fraud and failing to maintain an effective anti-money laundering program, as charged in an information filed today in the Middle District of Pennsylvania.
The announcement was made by Assistant Attorney General Lanny A. Breuer of the Justice Department’s Criminal Division; U.S. Attorney Peter Smith for the Middle District of Pennsylvania; and Karen V. Higgins, Inspector in Charge, Philadelphia Division, U.S. Postal Inspection Service (USPIS).
According to court documents, MoneyGram was involved in mass marketing and consumer fraud phishing schemes, perpetrated by corrupt MoneyGram agents and others, that defrauded tens of thousands of victims in the United States. MoneyGram also failed to maintain an effective anti-money laundering program in violation of the Bank Secrecy Act. The Justice Department will return the forfeited funds to the victims of the fraud scheme through its Victim Asset Recovery Program.
"MoneyGram’s broken corporate culture led the company to privilege profits over everything else," said Assistant Attorney General Breuer. "MoneyGram knowingly turned a blind eye to scam artists and money launderers who used the company to perpetrate fraudulent schemes targeting the elderly and other vulnerable victims. In addition to forfeiting $100 million, which will be used to compensate victims, MoneyGram must for the next five years retain a corporate monitor who will report regularly to the Justice Department."
U.S. Attorney Smith said, "Thousands of citizens in Pennsylvania and other states suffered heartbreaking financial losses for years because of these international telemarketing schemes which depended on MoneyGram’s facilities to give them an electronic highway to move their illegal profits quickly out of the country. The determined work of U.S. Postal Inspectors and federal prosecutors disrupted and closed that electronic highway, hopefully for good. This case provides a way to get restitution for victims and ensure that MoneyGram does its part to deter similar scams in the future."
"This agreement demonstrates the ongoing and important work of the U.S. Postal Inspection Service in protecting consumers all across America," said Karen V. Higgins, Inspector in Charge, Philadelphia Division. "Businesses are supposed to provide their customers with fair and honest services. Today’s agreement reflects the commitment of the U.S. Postal Inspection Service in seeking justice and, to every extent possible, restitution for the most vulnerable in our society."
As part of the DPA, MoneyGram has agreed to enhanced compliance obligations and structural changes to prevent a repeat of the charged conduct, including:
Creation of an independent compliance and ethics committee of the board of directors with direct oversight of the chief compliance officer and the compliance program;
Adoption of a worldwide anti-fraud and anti-money laundering standard to ensure all MoneyGram agents throughout the world will, at a minimum, be required to adhere to U.S. anti-fraud and anti-money laundering standards;
Adoption of a bonus system which rates all executives on success in meeting compliance obligations, with failure making the executive ineligible for any bonus for that year; and
Adoption of enhanced due diligence for agents deemed to be high risk or operating in a high-risk area.
To oversee implementation and maintenance of these enhanced compliance obligations and evaluate the overall effectiveness of its anti-fraud and anti-money laundering programs, MoneyGram has agreed to retain an independent corporate monitor who will report regularly to the Justice Department. Under the DPA, the department will recommend the dismissal of the criminal information in five years, provided MoneyGram fully abides by the DPA’s terms.
The Fraud Scheme
According to court documents, starting in 2004 and continuing until 2009, MoneyGram violated U.S. law by processing thousands of transactions for MoneyGram agents known to be involved in an international scheme to defraud members of the U.S. public. MoneyGram profited from the scheme by collecting fees and other revenues on the fraudulent transactions.
The scams – which generally targeted the elderly and other vulnerable groups – included posing as victims’ relatives in urgent need of money and falsely promising victims large cash prizes, various high-ticket items for sale over the Internet at deeply discounted prices or employment opportunities as "secret shoppers." In each case, the perpetrators required the victims to send them funds through MoneyGram’s money transfer system.
Despite thousands of complaints by customers who were victims of fraud, MoneyGram failed to terminate agents that it knew were involved in scams. As early as 2003, MoneyGram’s fraud department would identify specific MoneyGram agents believed to be involved in fraud schemes and recommended termination of those agents to senior management. These termination recommendations were rarely accepted because they were not approved by executives in the sales department and, as a result, fraudulent activity grew from 1,575 reported instances of fraud by customers in the United States and Canada in 2004 to 19,614 reported instances in 2008. Cumulatively, from 2004 through 2009, MoneyGram customers reported instances of fraud totaling at least $100 million.
The USPIS and U.S. Attorney’s Office for the Middle District of Pennsylvania have been investigating and prosecuting telemarketing scams that used MoneyGram’s money transfer system and corrupt MoneyGram agents since 2007. To date, the U.S. Attorney’s Office for the Middle District of Pennsylvania has brought conspiracy, fraud and money laundering charges against 28 former MoneyGram agents.
Ineffective Anti-Money Laundering Program
MoneyGram’s involvement in this international fraud scheme resulted from a systematic, pervasive, and willful failure to meet its anti-money laundering (AML) obligations under the Bank Secrecy Act (BSA), a set of laws and regulations enacted by Congress to strengthen the U.S. financial system’s protections against criminal money laundering activity through financial institutions, including money services businesses like MoneyGram. Court documents show that MoneyGram failed to meet its AML obligations by, among other things, failing to:
Implement policies or procedures governing the termination of agents involved in fraud and/or money laundering;
Implement policies or procedures to file the required Suspicious Activity Reports (SARs) when victims reported fraud to MoneyGram on transactions over $2,000;
File SARs on agents MoneyGram knew were involved in the fraud;
Conduct effective AML audits of its agents and outlets;
Conduct adequate due diligence on prospective and existing MoneyGram Agents by verifying that a legitimate business existed; and
Sufficiently resource and staff its AML program.
MoneyGram’s BSA failures spanned five years, and resulted, among other things, from the failure of its fraud and AML compliance functions to share information and from its regularly resolving disagreements between its sales and fraud departments in the sales department’s favor. One notable such disagreement occurred in April 2007, when, at a meeting attended by senior MoneyGram executives, the fraud department recommended that 32 specific Canadian agents that were characterized as "the worst of the worst" in terms of fraud be immediately closed. The sales department disagreed with the fraud department’s recommendation, and these outlets were not closed; instead, MoneyGram continued to process transactions from the 32 outlets despite continued complaints of fraud.
This case was prosecuted by Money Laundering and Bank Integrity Unit Trial Attorney Craig Timm of the Criminal Division’s Asset Forfeiture and Money Laundering Section (AFMLS) and Assistant U.S. Attorney Kim Douglas Daniel of the U.S. Attorney’s Office for the Middle District of Pennsylvania. The forfeiture was handled by Acting Assistant Deputy Chief Jeannette Gunderson of AFMLS’ Forfeiture Unit. The case was investigated by the Harrisburg, Pa., office of the USPIS, Philadelphia Division.
The Money Laundering and Bank Integrity Unit is a corps of prosecutors with a boutique practice aimed at hardening the financial system against criminal money laundering vulnerabilities by investigating and prosecuting financial institutions and professional money launderers for violations of the money laundering statutes, the Bank Secrecy Act and other related statutes.
Information regarding victim compensation through the Victim Asset Recovery Program (VARP) will be posted on the Department of Justice’s victim website at http://www.justice.gov/criminal/vns/caseup/. Persons who believe they were victims of the fraud scheme should visit that site for instructions on how to request compensation.
VARP, operated by AFMLS, is composed of a team of experienced professionals, including attorneys, accountants, auditors and claims analysts. In hundreds of cases, VARP has successfully used its specialized expertise to efficiently convert forfeited assets to victim recoveries.
Friday, November 9, 2012
Moneygram International Inc. Admits Anti-Money Laundering and Wire Fraud Violations, Forfeits $100 Million in Deferred Prosecution
Also Agrees to Enhanced Compliance Obligations and Structural Changes in Connection with Five-Year Agreement
WASHINGTON – MoneyGram International Inc. – a global money services business headquartered in Dallas – has agreed to forfeit $100 million and enter into a deferred prosecution agreement (DPA) with the Justice Department in which it admits to criminally aiding and abetting wire fraud and failing to maintain an effective anti-money laundering program, as charged in an information filed today in the Middle District of Pennsylvania.
The announcement was made by Assistant Attorney General Lanny A. Breuer of the Justice Department’s Criminal Division; U.S. Attorney Peter Smith for the Middle District of Pennsylvania; and Karen V. Higgins, Inspector in Charge, Philadelphia Division, U.S. Postal Inspection Service (USPIS).
According to court documents, MoneyGram was involved in mass marketing and consumer fraud phishing schemes, perpetrated by corrupt MoneyGram agents and others, that defrauded tens of thousands of victims in the United States. MoneyGram also failed to maintain an effective anti-money laundering program in violation of the Bank Secrecy Act. The Justice Department will return the forfeited funds to the victims of the fraud scheme through its Victim Asset Recovery Program.
"MoneyGram’s broken corporate culture led the company to privilege profits over everything else," said Assistant Attorney General Breuer. "MoneyGram knowingly turned a blind eye to scam artists and money launderers who used the company to perpetrate fraudulent schemes targeting the elderly and other vulnerable victims. In addition to forfeiting $100 million, which will be used to compensate victims, MoneyGram must for the next five years retain a corporate monitor who will report regularly to the Justice Department."
U.S. Attorney Smith said, "Thousands of citizens in Pennsylvania and other states suffered heartbreaking financial losses for years because of these international telemarketing schemes which depended on MoneyGram’s facilities to give them an electronic highway to move their illegal profits quickly out of the country. The determined work of U.S. Postal Inspectors and federal prosecutors disrupted and closed that electronic highway, hopefully for good. This case provides a way to get restitution for victims and ensure that MoneyGram does its part to deter similar scams in the future."
"This agreement demonstrates the ongoing and important work of the U.S. Postal Inspection Service in protecting consumers all across America," said Karen V. Higgins, Inspector in Charge, Philadelphia Division. "Businesses are supposed to provide their customers with fair and honest services. Today’s agreement reflects the commitment of the U.S. Postal Inspection Service in seeking justice and, to every extent possible, restitution for the most vulnerable in our society."
As part of the DPA, MoneyGram has agreed to enhanced compliance obligations and structural changes to prevent a repeat of the charged conduct, including:
Creation of an independent compliance and ethics committee of the board of directors with direct oversight of the chief compliance officer and the compliance program;
Adoption of a worldwide anti-fraud and anti-money laundering standard to ensure all MoneyGram agents throughout the world will, at a minimum, be required to adhere to U.S. anti-fraud and anti-money laundering standards;
Adoption of a bonus system which rates all executives on success in meeting compliance obligations, with failure making the executive ineligible for any bonus for that year; and
Adoption of enhanced due diligence for agents deemed to be high risk or operating in a high-risk area.
To oversee implementation and maintenance of these enhanced compliance obligations and evaluate the overall effectiveness of its anti-fraud and anti-money laundering programs, MoneyGram has agreed to retain an independent corporate monitor who will report regularly to the Justice Department. Under the DPA, the department will recommend the dismissal of the criminal information in five years, provided MoneyGram fully abides by the DPA’s terms.
The Fraud Scheme
According to court documents, starting in 2004 and continuing until 2009, MoneyGram violated U.S. law by processing thousands of transactions for MoneyGram agents known to be involved in an international scheme to defraud members of the U.S. public. MoneyGram profited from the scheme by collecting fees and other revenues on the fraudulent transactions.
The scams – which generally targeted the elderly and other vulnerable groups – included posing as victims’ relatives in urgent need of money and falsely promising victims large cash prizes, various high-ticket items for sale over the Internet at deeply discounted prices or employment opportunities as "secret shoppers." In each case, the perpetrators required the victims to send them funds through MoneyGram’s money transfer system.
Despite thousands of complaints by customers who were victims of fraud, MoneyGram failed to terminate agents that it knew were involved in scams. As early as 2003, MoneyGram’s fraud department would identify specific MoneyGram agents believed to be involved in fraud schemes and recommended termination of those agents to senior management. These termination recommendations were rarely accepted because they were not approved by executives in the sales department and, as a result, fraudulent activity grew from 1,575 reported instances of fraud by customers in the United States and Canada in 2004 to 19,614 reported instances in 2008. Cumulatively, from 2004 through 2009, MoneyGram customers reported instances of fraud totaling at least $100 million.
The USPIS and U.S. Attorney’s Office for the Middle District of Pennsylvania have been investigating and prosecuting telemarketing scams that used MoneyGram’s money transfer system and corrupt MoneyGram agents since 2007. To date, the U.S. Attorney’s Office for the Middle District of Pennsylvania has brought conspiracy, fraud and money laundering charges against 28 former MoneyGram agents.
Ineffective Anti-Money Laundering Program
MoneyGram’s involvement in this international fraud scheme resulted from a systematic, pervasive, and willful failure to meet its anti-money laundering (AML) obligations under the Bank Secrecy Act (BSA), a set of laws and regulations enacted by Congress to strengthen the U.S. financial system’s protections against criminal money laundering activity through financial institutions, including money services businesses like MoneyGram. Court documents show that MoneyGram failed to meet its AML obligations by, among other things, failing to:
Implement policies or procedures governing the termination of agents involved in fraud and/or money laundering;
Implement policies or procedures to file the required Suspicious Activity Reports (SARs) when victims reported fraud to MoneyGram on transactions over $2,000;
File SARs on agents MoneyGram knew were involved in the fraud;
Conduct effective AML audits of its agents and outlets;
Conduct adequate due diligence on prospective and existing MoneyGram Agents by verifying that a legitimate business existed; and
Sufficiently resource and staff its AML program.
MoneyGram’s BSA failures spanned five years, and resulted, among other things, from the failure of its fraud and AML compliance functions to share information and from its regularly resolving disagreements between its sales and fraud departments in the sales department’s favor. One notable such disagreement occurred in April 2007, when, at a meeting attended by senior MoneyGram executives, the fraud department recommended that 32 specific Canadian agents that were characterized as "the worst of the worst" in terms of fraud be immediately closed. The sales department disagreed with the fraud department’s recommendation, and these outlets were not closed; instead, MoneyGram continued to process transactions from the 32 outlets despite continued complaints of fraud.
This case was prosecuted by Money Laundering and Bank Integrity Unit Trial Attorney Craig Timm of the Criminal Division’s Asset Forfeiture and Money Laundering Section (AFMLS) and Assistant U.S. Attorney Kim Douglas Daniel of the U.S. Attorney’s Office for the Middle District of Pennsylvania. The forfeiture was handled by Acting Assistant Deputy Chief Jeannette Gunderson of AFMLS’ Forfeiture Unit. The case was investigated by the Harrisburg, Pa., office of the USPIS, Philadelphia Division.
The Money Laundering and Bank Integrity Unit is a corps of prosecutors with a boutique practice aimed at hardening the financial system against criminal money laundering vulnerabilities by investigating and prosecuting financial institutions and professional money launderers for violations of the money laundering statutes, the Bank Secrecy Act and other related statutes.
Information regarding victim compensation through the Victim Asset Recovery Program (VARP) will be posted on the Department of Justice’s victim website at http://www.justice.gov/criminal/vns/caseup/. Persons who believe they were victims of the fraud scheme should visit that site for instructions on how to request compensation.
VARP, operated by AFMLS, is composed of a team of experienced professionals, including attorneys, accountants, auditors and claims analysts. In hundreds of cases, VARP has successfully used its specialized expertise to efficiently convert forfeited assets to victim recoveries.
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